Computer Hope

I have an application which makes changes to different entities. Other applications need to know about these changes.

Is there a way to push change notifications to a single AWS SQS and :

have applications to subscribe to message with certain properties only
and "mark" messages as read by a certain subscriber?
Essentially, what I'd like to avoid is to create many message queues. A single queue would be enough, and the idea would be that applications would subscribe to certain types of messages. The message queue should be only hand out a single message to a single application once.

Is this doable with AWS SQS?

I do not know. 
But you can Google it!

     AWS SQS

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vLNDaZuA3Dc

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mw1NVpJsOZc

QuoteAmazon Simple Queue Service Documentation
Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) is a fully managed message queuing service that makes it easy to decouple and scale microservices, distributed systems, and serverless applications. Amazon SQS moves data between distributed application components and helps you decouple these components.

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sqs/